Genetic Profiling and Characters Association in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes: Implications for Breeding Programs

Satya Prakash, Adesh Kumar and Suhel Mehandi

Abstract

The investigation of breeding strategies targeted at improving the quality and efficiency of wheat germplasms is done methodically using research objectives, genetic variability and genetic diversity, correlation coefficient, path analysis, and principal component analysis. Examining characteristics like spike length (SL), number of tillers per plant (NTP), plant height (PH), days to 50% flowering (DFF), days to maturity (DM), and phenotypic coefficients of variation (PCV), the study finds important traits whose PCV and genetic coefficients of variation (GCV) are significantly related to grain production. Except for seed yield per plant (SYP) and harvest index (HI), traits that demonstrate substantial heritability have been shown to be favorable for selective breeding. When desirable features in germplasms were identified using cluster analysis, several genetic subgroups were found, with clusters III, IV, and IX showing the highest potential for production. Biplot analysis highlighted trait-genotype connections, indicating germplasm 13 and 26 as having very diverse genotypes, while principal component analysis demonstrated DFF, DM, PH, and biological yield per plant (BYP) as the major influences of genetic variation. Findings reveal a noteworthy positive correlation between DFF, BYP, NTP, and PH with DM. In addition, traits DFF, DM, PH, NTP, and SL exhibit high heritability DM, PH, total seed weight (TSW), and BYP impacted quantity and quality of grain yield. To provide breeders with a larger genetic pool to develop selective breeding for robust wheat that is in line with sustainable agriculture, the research prioritized critical features and genotypes driving variability.

Published on: November 15, 2023
doi: 10.17756/jfcn.2023-s1-066
Citation: Prakash S, Kumar A, Mehandi S. 2023. Genetic Profiling and Characters Association in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes: Implications for Breeding Programs. J Food Chem Nanotechnol 9(S1): S524-S533.

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