Abstract
Fruit crops are susceptible to various environmental adversities such as heat, salinity, drought, low temperature, and moreover pests, which affect their maturation, development, and yield. These stresses also induce physiologic and metabolic changes in fruit crops, which can have negative impacts on their quality and nutritional value. Altered water relations under stress conditions can lead to water stress, resulting in reduced fruit size and weight. Biochemical changes in fruit crops under stress conditions include changes in primary and secondary metabolites. For instance, under drought stress, fruit crops accumulate osmo- protective disintegrating solute compounds like proline to maintain turgor pressure and protect cellular membranes. Under high-temperature stress, fruit crops undergo changes in carotenoid and anthocyanin content, which affect fruit color and antioxidant capacity. To prevent cellular damage, numerous antioxidant systems can be triggered at the biochemical level, and many enzymes may create stress-related metabolites, such as glycine betaine, amino acids, proline, etc. This causes both biochemical and physiological changes such as melatonin stimulation and disorder in fruit crops. The main objectives of studying these alterations are to comprehend how fruit crops respond to stress and to develop strategies to reduce or modify these stressors. Understanding these physiological and biochemical changes in stressed fruit crops is essential for crop management, stress resistance breeding, and developing countermeasures. Fruit crops may become more prolific and robust even in the face of challenging environmental circumstances by putting this learning into practice. In this review, we identify stress-causing elements and talk about the causes, behaviours, and responses to situations.
doi: 10.17756/jfcn.2023-s1-048
Citation: Kondle R, Kapoor H. 2023. Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Fruit Crops Under Stress. J Food Chem Nanotechnol 9(S1): S381-S389.
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